Quality orbital motor products and proper use equals the best orbital motor, and to get the most out of your orbital motor and keep it running reliably, you need to have some specialized knowledge. This article will introduce you to the difference between forward and reverse rotation of an orbital motor.
1. Functional differences
(1) Oil port switching
Forward rotation: High-pressure oil enters from port A, driving the rotor to rotate clockwise (or in the specified direction), and low-pressure oil is returned from port B.
Reverse rotation: High pressure oil is switched to port B, driving the rotor to rotate counterclockwise, and port A becomes the oil return channel.
Note: Some motors require external directional valves to realize the switching of the oil circuit. Some models (e.g. Hanjiu OMH series) have a built-in bi-directional flow distribution structure, which supports frequent change of direction.
(2) Adaptability of flow distribution mechanism
Distributor shaft type motor: The force on the distributor shaft is different during forward and reverse rotation. Long-term unidirectional operation may lead to localized wear and require regular maintenance.
Distributor disk type motor: the symmetry design of distributor disk is better, the forward and reverse performance is close to each other, suitable for frequent direction change scenarios (e.g. injection molding machine).
2. Performance parameter changes
(1) Torque and speed
Theoretical torque and speed have nothing to do with the direction of oil flow, and the forward and reverse torque-speed curves are symmetrical.
Actual difference: Due to internal wear or seal pre-compression direction, the reversing efficiency may be slightly reduced (about 2%~5%) after long-term unidirectional use.
(2) Minimum stabilized speed
The minimum stabilized speed of some motors may be slightly higher than that of forward rotation (e.g. 5r/min for forward rotation, 8r/min for reverse rotation) due to the change of oil path in reverse rotation.
(3) Starting pressure
The starting pressure is usually the same for forward and reverse rotation, but if the seals are unidirectionally pressurized for a long period of time, a higher starting pressure may be required for reverse rotation (need to be restored by break-in).
3. Structural design and life impact
(1) Bearing load direction
Forward and reverse bearing radial force in the opposite direction, long-term unidirectional operation may lead to unilateral wear, frequent change of direction can extend bearing life.
(2) Seal adaptability
Rotary seals: bi-directional rotary seal design (such as Hanjiu BMH series) can be uniform force, while unidirectional seals are prone to leakage when reversed.
Dynamic seal wear: Reversal may accelerate seal wear and it is recommended that the seal condition be checked periodically.
4. Application Scene Precautions
(1) Frequent reversal scenarios
Avoid frequent direction change at maximum pressure, otherwise the life of the flow-matching parts will be shortened.
(2) Oil cleanliness
Frequent commutation will aggravate the disturbance of oil, it is recommended to configure 10μm filter to prevent contaminants from straining the mating surface.
5. Commissioning and maintenance suggestions
(1) Initial commissioning
Air needs to be exhausted before forward and reverse switching to prevent cavitation from damaging the rotor.
During the break-in period, the rotor should be operated under 30%~50% load alternately to promote the even fitting of seals.
(2) Long-term use
Regularly exchange the direction of forward and reverse running (such as monthly switching) to balance the wear of bearings and seals.
Listen for abnormal noise during reversal, and promptly troubleshoot the flow distribution mechanism or bearing failure.
The forward and reverse rotation of orbital motors may have slight differences in actual use due to the direction of structural forces, the suitability of seals and the accumulation of wear and tear. When selecting an orbital motor, it is necessary to clearly define the commutation frequency and load characteristics, give priority to bi-directional optimized design models (such as Hanjiu OMH series), and cooperate with regular maintenance, so as to maximize the performance of the motor and prolong its service life. The real value of the equipment lies not only in the initial purchase, but also in the scientific management of the whole life cycle. Let's make the best orbital motor's long-lasting power legend come true with intelligent maintenance!
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