Hydraulic motor is an executive element in the hydraulic system, which can transform the liquid pressure energy provided by the hydraulic pump into mechanical energy, widely used in a number of fields, to understand the relevant knowledge of the hydraulic motor is also vital to do a good job in the maintenance and repair of hydraulic equipment.
1. Factors affecting the efficiency of hydraulic motors
Hydraulic motor mechanical efficiency and pressure difference, speed related, in the pressure difference is very low, because the friction (mainly cylinder rotation when stirring the hydraulic oil force) consumed by the pressure difference is very large, so the hydraulic motor mechanical efficiency is very low. As the pressure difference increases, the friction force does not change much, but the friction force consumed by the pressure difference accounted for a smaller proportion, so the mechanical efficiency of the hydraulic motor gradually increased; rotational speed is very low, the mechanical efficiency of the hydraulic motor will have a growth trend, because the static friction is greater than the kinetic friction. When the rotational speed reaches a certain level, as the speed increases, the mechanical efficiency of the hydraulic motor will decline, mainly because of kinetic friction (the main cylinder rotating force to stir the hydraulic oil) consumed by the pressure difference between the proportion of the gradual increase. Therefore, hydraulic motors should not be allowed to operate at very low pressure differentials for long periods of time. However, if the motor speed is too low, the pressure difference is large, the volumetric efficiency will fall, and its total efficiency will also be reduced, generally the motor speed control 1000-1800 r/min is more appropriate.
2. Other methods to improve the efficiency of the hydraulic system
(1) Selection of suitable hydraulic valves. Hydraulic system are installed with hydraulic valves, the energy loss of the hydraulic system is mainly reflected in the valve resistance loss. If the actual function of the hydraulic system according to the requirements of a reasonable choice of hydraulic valves can greatly reduce the pressure loss, improve system efficiency. Improve the total efficiency of the hydraulic valve is mainly to improve its volumetric efficiency and pressure efficiency.
(2) Select the appropriate low-consumption circuit. Any mechanical equipment hydraulic transmission system, are composed of some basic circuit, it is the basic component unit of the hydraulic system, hydraulic circuit is properly selected, can significantly improve efficiency and reduce energy consumption.
(3) choose the right hydraulic oil. The viscosity of the hydraulic oil affects the efficiency of the hydraulic oil in the entire hydraulic system can effectively buffer the collision between the various components, friction, to ensure smooth operation of the system. Thus, the hydraulic oil will be subject to many such as friction, shear, impact and other complex forces. If the viscosity is too low or too high, the efficiency of the system will be affected.
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