Hydraulic control is the use of the pressure energy of the liquid to achieve the control of mechanical equipment.
First, the working principle
Hydraulic control converts mechanical energy into hydraulic energy through a hydraulic pump, producing hydraulic oil with a certain pressure. Hydraulic oil is delivered through hydraulic pipelines to various hydraulic control elements (e.g., hydraulic valves) and actuators (e.g., hydraulic cylinders, hydraulic motors). The hydraulic valve regulates the direction, pressure and flow of the hydraulic oil according to the input control signal, thereby controlling the direction of movement, speed and force of the actuator. The actuator converts hydraulic energy into mechanical energy to realize various actions of mechanical equipment.
Second, the control mode
1. Manual control: The opening of the hydraulic valve is controlled by manually operating the handle, knob and other mechanical devices to realize the control of the hydraulic system. This control method is simple and direct, but the operation accuracy and efficiency are low, and it is suitable for some small equipment or simple working conditions.
2. Hydraulic pilot control: The action of the main hydraulic valve is controlled by using a small flow of pilot oil. Pilot control can realize remote control and precise control, which improves the convenience and accuracy of operation.
3. Electrical control: control electromagnetic reversing valves, proportional valves and other hydraulic components through electrical signals. Electrical control has the advantages of fast response, high control accuracy, and easy automation, and is widely used in various industrial automation fields.
Third, the field of application
1. Construction machinery: such as excavators, loaders, cranes, etc., hydraulic control realizes various complex actions of these equipment, such as excavation, loading, lifting, etc.
2. Metallurgical equipment: such as rolling mills, continuous casters, etc., hydraulic control can accurately control the pressure, speed and position of the equipment to ensure the stability and efficiency of the production process.
3. Aerospace: Hydraulic control plays an important role in the landing gear system and flight control system of the aircraft to ensure the safe operation of the aircraft.
4. Industrial automation: such as automated production lines, robots, etc., hydraulic control can provide powerful power and precise control to meet the needs of various industrial production.
Fourth, advantages
1. High power density: The hydraulic system can produce large force and power in a small volume, which is suitable for occasions that require high power output.
2. Fast response: The response speed of the hydraulic system is fast, which can realize rapid start, stop and reversing, and improve the work efficiency of the equipment.
3. High control accuracy: Through precise hydraulic control components, high-precision control of the hydraulic system can be realized to meet the requirements of various complex working conditions.
4. High reliability: The structure of the hydraulic system is relatively simple, the work is reliable, and it can operate stably for a long time in harsh working environments.
Fifth, the shortcomings
1. Leakage problem: There is a risk of leakage in the hydraulic system, which not only causes waste of energy, but also pollutes the environment.
2. High maintenance cost: The maintenance of hydraulic system requires professional technology and equipment, and the maintenance cost is high.
3. Sensitive to temperature: The performance of hydraulic oil is greatly affected by temperature, and corresponding heat dissipation and heat preservation measures need to be taken.
force controlling hydraulic device
electro proportional controls