Hydraulic control is a control method that uses liquid power to change the working state of the manipulated object. It is widely used in various industrial fields, including aerospace, metallurgy, weapons and equipment, robots, test devices, manufacturing equipment, etc. Here's a closer look at hydraulic control:
1. Definitions and Principles
Hydraulic control is a technology that controls the movement or working state of mechanical equipment according to the pressure, flow and direction of the liquid (usually hydraulic oil) and other parameters. In a hydraulic control system, the hydraulic pump converts the mechanical energy of the prime mover (such as an electric motor or internal combustion engine) into the pressure energy of the liquid, and then precisely controls the pressure, flow and direction of the liquid through control elements such as hydraulic valves, and finally drives actuators such as hydraulic cylinders or hydraulic motors to achieve the intended action of mechanical equipment.
2. the control mode
Hydraulic control mainly includes the following ways:
Manual control: Control of the hydraulic system is achieved by directly operating the control elements in the hydraulic station such as manual switches, knobs or handles. It's simple and straightforward, but it doesn't allow for precise control.
Automatic control: Through the installation of sensors, controllers and actuators and other components, the control signals of the hydraulic system are automatically converted into mechanical actions to realize the control of the hydraulic system. This method can greatly improve the accuracy and efficiency of the control system.
Microprocessor control: Use intelligent control equipment such as microprocessor or programmable controller (PLC) to receive input signals and output control signals after internal algorithm processing to control the operation of hydraulic stations. This method can realize complex control logic and parameter setting, which is the main development direction of modern hydraulic system control.
3. the field of application
Hydraulic control is widely used in industrial and civil industries due to its large transmission power, easy transmission and configuration. Specific areas of application include:
Aerospace: such as aircraft flight control systems, flight simulators, etc.
Metallurgical field: such as rolling mill downward pressure control system, steel belt deviation control system, etc.
Armament: such as tank artillery stabilization system, self-propelled artillery driving assistance system, etc.
Robots: such as humanoid robots, bionic robot animals, etc.
Test device: such as load simulator, motion simulator, three-axis simulation turntable, earthquake simulator, etc.
Manufacturing equipment: such as CNC machine tools, wire cutting machine tools, etc.
4. the system composition
A complete hydraulic system usually consists of the following five parts:
Power element: i.e. hydraulic pump, which converts the mechanical energy of the prime mover into the pressure energy of the liquid.
Actuators, such as hydraulic cylinders and hydraulic motors, convert the pressure energy of the liquid into mechanical energy and drive the load to reciprocate or slew the load.
Control elements: i.e., various hydraulic valves that are used to control and regulate the pressure, flow and direction of liquids.
Auxiliary components: such as accumulators, filters, coolers, heaters, oil pipes, pipe joints, oil tanks, pressure gauges, flow meters, sealing devices, etc., which play auxiliary roles such as connection, oil storage, filtration and measurement of oil pressure.
Working medium: i.e. hydraulic oil or emulsion, which is used to transfer energy.
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