Hydraulic system is an important mechanical transmission and control technology, which uses oil as the working medium, uses the pressure energy of oil, and drives the hydraulic actuator to work through control valves and other components. The following is a detailed analysis of the hydraulic system:
First, the basic composition
The hydraulic system is mainly composed of the following parts:
Hydraulic pump: responsible for converting mechanical energy into hydraulic energy, that is, sucking liquid from the oil tank, and then feeding the liquid into the hydraulic valve by pressure.
Hydraulic valve: It is used to control the working process of the hydraulic system, including the flow direction and pressure of the liquid. There are many types of hydraulic valves, such as check valves, relief valves, throttle valves, etc., which are used to achieve different control functions.
Hydraulic cylinder (or hydraulic motor): converts hydraulic energy into mechanical energy to complete the corresponding work. There are many types of hydraulic cylinders (or hydraulic motors), such as single-acting hydraulic cylinders, double-acting hydraulic cylinders, etc., which are used to achieve different work requirements.
Hydraulic oil tank: used to store hydraulic oil and coolant, to provide working medium for the hydraulic pump.
Second, the working principle
The working principle of the hydraulic system can be simply summarized as: the hydraulic pump sucks the liquid from the oil tank, sends the liquid into the hydraulic valve through pressure, the hydraulic valve controls the flow direction and pressure of the liquid, and then sends the liquid into the hydraulic cylinder (or hydraulic motor), and the hydraulic cylinder (or hydraulic motor) converts the pressure of the liquid into mechanical energy to complete the corresponding work. After the work is completed, the liquid is controlled by the hydraulic valve and returned to the hydraulic tank for the start of the next working cycle.
Third, the main features
Large transmission torque: The hydraulic system transmits torque through the pressure of the liquid, which can achieve high-power transmission.
Long transfer distance: The hydraulic system can transfer liquids through long-distance pipelines, which is suitable for long-distance force transmission.
Smooth transmission: The hydraulic system can achieve smooth transmission of force through the transmission of liquid, reducing vibration and impact.
High control accuracy: The hydraulic system can achieve accurate control of force, speed, position and other parameters through the control of hydraulic valves.
High reliability: The hydraulic system has high reliability and service life because there are no friction parts.
Fourth, the field of application
Hydraulic systems are widely used in various fields, including but not limited to:
Construction machinery: such as excavators, loaders, bulldozers, road rollers, etc., hydraulic systems are widely used in various working devices and drive systems.
Agricultural machinery: such as tractors, combine harvesters, sprayers, etc., hydraulic systems play an important role in steering, braking, lifting, adjusting, etc.
Aerospace: Hydraulic systems are required for aircraft landing gear, brake systems, wing and tail control systems, engine control systems, and more.
Automotive industry: Hydraulic systems are widely used in automotive braking systems, transmission control systems, suspension systems, etc.
Railway transportation: Hydraulic systems play an important role in locomotives, carriages, signaling equipment, switches, etc.
Metallurgical machinery: such as rolling mills, cooling machines, etc. in iron and steel plants, hydraulic systems are used in lifting, clamping, positioning, rotation, etc.
Petrochemical: Hydraulic systems are used in drilling equipment, oilfield oil production units, oil pipelines, oil storage tanks, etc.
Offshore engineering: Hydraulic systems are used in drilling platforms, subsea work robots, marine exploration equipment, etc.
Water conservancy engineering: hydraulic systems are used in regulating water flow, controlling water levels, and lifting hydraulic equipment.
Fifth, the development trend
With the continuous progress of science and technology and the continuous development of industry, the hydraulic system will show the following development trends in the future:
Intelligent: With the development of artificial intelligence, Internet of Things and other technologies, the hydraulic system will achieve more advanced automation and intelligence, and improve the control accuracy and stability of the system.
Energy saving and environmental protection: With the increasingly prominent energy problem, the hydraulic system will adopt more energy-saving and environmentally friendly technologies to reduce energy consumption and environmental pollution.
Miniaturization and lightweighting: The hydraulic system will be more miniaturized and lightweight to meet the requirements of modern industry for the volume and weight of equipment.
hydraulic control system
electro hydraulic systems