The electric drive system is undoubtedly one of the brightest stars in the vast universe of robotics, but its inherent limitations, such as the bottleneck in power output and the fragility of transmission components (such as reduction gears), have always restricted its application in certain high-end fields. In contrast, hydraulic drive technology, with its superior output power density and compact size advantages, has gradually emerged as the center of attention in the field of high-power robotics.
With the in-depth integration of hydraulic technology and modern control technology, various types of hydraulically controlled robots are emerging, which are not only streamlined and powerful, but also convenient and reliable. Hydraulically driven robot control is flexible, from the traditional shape control, manipulation control, to advanced electro-hydraulic control, wireless remote control, and even intelligent control, all highlighting the infinite possibilities of hydraulic technology. Hydraulic system used in robotics, is showing the following major development trends and distinctive features:
1. High pressure trend
The core advantage of the hydraulic system is its strong output torque and power, and this is thanks to the support of the high-pressure system. With the advent of large-scale robots, the trend towards higher pressure levels in hydraulic systems has become inevitable. However, this process is not without its challenges. The increase in operating pressure is not only a matter of human-machine safety and the life of system components, but also faces a number of technical challenges. For example, the increase in pressure will undoubtedly increase the safety risk in the process of operation, high-pressure environment of corrosion and particles will cause more serious wear and tear on the system, at the same time, the increase in pressure will also lead to increased leakage, the performance of the sealing ring material puts forward more stringent requirements.
2. Sensitization and intelligence and progress
In the face of complex and changing construction environment, the robot is accelerating in the direction of multifunctionalization and intelligence. This requires the robot not only has a strong data processing capability, but also has a high-precision “perception” ability. Through the introduction of high-speed microprocessors, sensitive components and various types of high-precision sensors, the robot can not only meet the demand for multifunctionality and intelligence, but also significantly improve the dynamic response speed of the machine, shorten the response time, so that the robot can quickly respond to rapidly changing load conditions. In addition, the application of advanced laser sensors, ultrasonic sensors, voice sensors and other high-precision sensors further enhances the robot's level of intelligence and provides strong support for the robot's flexible control.
3. Energy saving and efficiency become the new pursuit
Although the hydraulic drive system provides a solid guarantee for high-power operation, its throttling loss and volume loss also lead to the overall efficiency is not high. Therefore, the research and development of new materials and the improvement of component assembly process have become an inevitable choice to improve the efficiency of robots. By optimizing the design of the hydraulic system, reducing the energy loss and improving the energy utilization efficiency, the robot will be able to achieve higher efficiency with lower energy consumption.
4. The key role of software technology
Advanced microprocessors, communication media and sensors in order to give full play to their effectiveness, without the support of powerful software. Software is like a bridge and link between the components, is the language of their efficient communication. With the emergence of software development platforms based on assembly language or high-level language, it provides more diversified and better choices for developing robot control software programs. At the same time, control algorithms have become increasingly prominent in software development. The establishment of reasonable control algorithms through expert systems and the comprehensive application of various control algorithms such as PID control, fuzzy control, etc. will make the control of robots more accurate and efficient.
5. Intelligent cooperative operation
The cooperative operation of the machine group is the product of the combination of intelligent single machine, modern communication equipment, GPS positioning technology, remote control equipment and advanced construction technology. This field provides a broad development stage for the application of hydraulic drive technology in robots. Through intelligent cooperative operation, robots can complete tasks more efficiently, improve operational efficiency and quality, and at the same time reduce labor costs and safety risks.
The application of hydraulic drive technology in robotics is showing unprecedented vitality and potential. With the continuous progress and innovation of technology, hydraulic-driven robots will play an important role in more fields and contribute more wisdom and strength to the development of human society.
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