The tractor hydraulic pump is the core component of the tractor system, and its main role is to suck the hydraulic oil from the oil tank and transport it to the hydraulic cylinder through the hydraulic pipeline to generate the required pressure and flow to realize the lifting, tilting, steering, braking and other operations of the tractor. The types of hydraulic pumps mainly include gear pumps, piston pumps, vane pumps, etc., and different types of hydraulic pumps have different working principles and characteristics, which need to be selected according to the actual needs of the tractor.
1. Gear pump
The tractor gear pump is a common mechanical pump that uses the meshing motion between the gears to achieve the suction and discharge of liquids. When the gears of the gear pump rotate, the gap between the gears will become smaller, allowing the oil to be sucked from the tank into the inlet of the gear pump. As the gears continue to rotate, the liquid is pressed into the pump, flows out through the pump's oil outlet, and is transferred to the hydraulic system of the agricultural equipment. The main function of the tractor gear pump is to suck the oil from the oil tank and press it to all parts of the hydraulic system of the agricultural machinery, so as to realize the power transmission of different parts, the work of the hydraulic motor, the movement of the hydraulic cylinder, etc. At the same time, the gear pump can also increase the pressure of the hydraulic system to ensure that the agricultural machinery can operate properly.
The advantages of gear pump are simple structure, easy operation and low maintenance cost. Its disadvantage is that it produces a certain amount of noise during operation, which is easy to cause wear, and when the oil viscosity is too low, it cannot work normally.
2. Piston pump
Piston pump is an important device of hydraulic system, it relies on the plunger in the cylinder reciprocating motion, so that the volume of the sealing working cavity changes to achieve oil suction, oil pressure, the advantages of the piston pump are high parameters, high rated pressure, high speed, large driving power of the pump; High efficiency, the volume efficiency is about 95%, and the total efficiency is about 90%; Long service life; The variables are simple and there are many forms; Light weight per unit of power; The main parts of the piston pump are subjected to compressive stress, and the strength and performance of the material can be fully utilized. The disadvantages of the piston pump are that the structure is more complex and the number of parts is more; Poor self-priming; The manufacturing process is more demanding and the cost is more expensive; Oils are more sensitive to contamination, require higher filtration accuracy, and have higher requirements for use and maintenance.
3. Vane pump
Vane pump is an important hydraulic pump with a wide range of applications, its structure and working principle are very important to understand its performance and correct use, vane pump is mainly composed of pump body, diversion sleeve, vane, pump cover and suction pipe. Vane pumps are widely used in various industrial fields, such as the automotive industry, aviation industry, steel industry, etc. In the automotive industry, vane pumps are mainly used in brake systems, air conditioning systems, and engine lubrication systems, among others. In the aviation industry, vane pumps are mainly used in hydraulic systems, lubrication systems, and brake systems. In the steel industry, vane pumps are mainly used in hydraulic systems, lubrication systems, and transmission systems, among others.
The advantages of vane pumps are: high efficiency, the fluid kinetic energy conversion efficiency of vane pumps is high, which can achieve high-efficiency conveying and pressure lifting; Compact structure, the structure of the vane pump is compact, occupies a small space, and can be applied to the application scenario with small space; Low noise, the vane pump has less noise during operation, and is suitable for occasions with high noise requirements; Reversibility, vane pumps are reversible and can achieve forward and reverse operation.
The disadvantages of vane pumps are: flow fluctuations, because the inner cavity profile of vane pumps is composed of several discrete blades, so flow fluctuations may occur during operation, affecting its stability; It is easy to be damaged, the number of blades of the vane pump is large, and the gap between the blades is small, so it is easy to be damaged when transporting organic substances such as solid particles.
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