Vane pumps are a type of hydraulic pump，vane pump is mainly composed of stator, rotor and vane, which belongs to volumetric change type gas conveying vacuum pump, which utilizes the rotary movement of rotor shaft and the vane that is constantly moving in the rotor groove to obtain the required vacuum environment. When the rotor of the vane pump is rotating, the vane is under the action of centrifugal force and pressure oil, and the tip of the vane is close to the inner surface of the stator. In this way, two blades and rotor and stator inner surface of the working volume, first from small to large oil suction and then from large to small oil discharge, blade rotation week, complete a suction and discharge. This article will provide you with a detailed introduction to the characteristics of vane pumps and ways to improve the service life of vane pumps.
1. Characteristics of vane pump
Vane pumps work with the following characteristics: output flow than gear pumps uniform, smooth operation, low noise; high working pressure, high volumetric efficiency, single-acting vane pumps easy to achieve flow regulation, double-acting vane pumps due to the radial pressure balance of the rotor by the liquid pressure, long service life; but vane pumps have poor self-absorption ability, more sensitive to oil pollution, vane easy to be jammed by the impurity, poor reliability; complex structure, high precision requirements of the production, high cost. Complex structure, high precision requirements for production, high cost.
Small and medium flow vane pumps are used in the throttle adjustment of the hydraulic system, large flow vane pumps, in order to avoid excessive power loss, used in the non-flow adjustment of the hydraulic system is more, so vane pumps in machine tools, hydraulic presses, vehicles, construction machinery, plastic injection molding machines and other equipment are widely used.
2. Methods to improve the service life of vane pumps
(1) Vane pumps must be properly vented at the beginning of operation.
(2) It is better not to set up a strainer on the suction line, if it must be designed, it is recommended that the strainer mesh is larger than 250 microns, and attention must be paid to the pressure loss when the viscosity of the oil is high.
(3) Measure the pressure at the suction port of the vane pump, because the position of the oil tank and the speed of the driving prime mover will affect the pressure at the suction port, and be sure to refer to the minimum suction pressure specified in the manual of the relevant product for adjustment.
(4) Be sure to check the pump's suction port and discharge port of the hydraulic oil flow rate, the diameter of the pipeline joints and other direct impact on the flow rate, the suction port of the flow rate can not exceed 1.9m / s, the flow rate of the discharge port can not exceed 6m / s. If you find that there is a super need to adjust the pipeline
(5) pay attention to the viscosity of the hydraulic fluid and temperature change relationship, sometimes a slight change in temperature, the viscosity of the hydraulic fluid changes will be very large, and therefore may affect the lubrication of the parts, and therefore need to take measures to ensure that the temperature of the hydraulic fluid in the permissible range of operating temperatures
(6) to determine whether the selected hydraulic fluid is suitable for the application of working conditions, the viscosity index of the hydraulic fluid, the annual grade, operating environment, operating temperature range, filterability, thermal stability, etc., are factors to be taken into account
(7) system design, need to consider the maximum flow rate and tank capacity ratio and tank heat dissipation, general tank capacity can be taken to the maximum flow rate of 3 to 5 times
(8) vane pumps in the installation, be sure to ensure that the prime mover (motor) output shaft and pump drive shaft alignment, to avoid additional loads and mechanical parts failure
Today, most hydraulic systems will choose gear pumps rather than vane pumps, mainly because the structure of the gear pump is relatively simple, maintenance costs are lower, the gear pump's anti-pollution ability than the vane pump is stronger, in addition, the output flow of the gear pump is also relatively more stable, therefore, although the vane pump's efficiency is higher, the work of the noise generated by the smaller, but the majority of the hydraulic system is still the use of gear pumps.
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