The hydraulic motor is a device that converts hydraulic energy into mechanical energy, which outputs torque and speed to drive the working mechanism to operate.
First, Classification
1. According to the structural form, it can be divided into gear type, vane type, plunger type and screw type hydraulic motor. Gear type hydraulic motor: simple structure, low price, but large volume and weight, large torque ripple. Vane hydraulic motor: small size, small moment of inertia, sensitive action, but large leakage and low mechanical efficiency. Piston hydraulic motor: large output torque, wide speed range, high efficiency, but complex structure and high price. Screw hydraulic motor: simple structure, small size, light weight, no pulsation, but small output torque.
2. According to the speed, it can be divided into high-speed hydraulic motor and low-speed hydraulic motor. High-speed hydraulic motor: the speed is higher than 500r/min, and the structure of gear type, vane type or plunger type is generally adopted. Low-speed hydraulic motor: the speed is less than 500r/min, and the plunger structure is generally adopted, which can directly drive the working mechanism without a deceleration device.
Second, the working principle
The working principle of a hydraulic motor is the opposite of that of a hydraulic pump, which relies on the input pressure oil to push the rotor of the motor to rotate and output torque and speed. When the pressure oil enters the working cavity of the hydraulic motor, under the action of the rotor blades or plunger, the torque is generated to make the rotor rotate.
3. Choosing a hydraulic motor that suits your needs can be considered from the following aspects:
Working parameters
1. Torque: Select the hydraulic motor according to the torque required for the load. Ensure that the selected motor is rated for torque to meet the starting, running, and braking requirements of the load.
2. Rotational speed: Determine the required working speed range. Different types of hydraulic motors have different speed characteristics, high-speed hydraulic motors are suitable for high-speed occasions, and low-speed hydraulic motors are suitable for low-speed and high-torque occasions.
3. Power: Choose the hydraulic motor according to the power demand of the load. The power is equal to the torque multiplied by the rotational speed, ensuring that the power of the selected motor can meet the operating requirements of the load.
Working environment
1. Temperature: Consider the temperature range of the working environment. If the ambient temperature is high, you should choose a hydraulic motor that can work normally at high temperatures, and take corresponding heat dissipation measures.
2. Humidity: If the working environment is humid or corrosive gases are present, you should choose a hydraulic motor with good protective performance, such as a waterproof, dustproof, and corrosion-resistant motor.
3. Installation space: Choose the appropriate size hydraulic motor according to the size of the space in the installation location. Ensure that the motor can be installed in a limited space and is easy to maintain and repair.
Performance requirements
1. Efficiency: Choosing a hydraulic motor with high efficiency can reduce energy consumption and operating costs. Different types of hydraulic motors have different efficiency and should be selected according to actual needs.
2. Noise: If the noise requirements for the working environment are high, you should choose a hydraulic motor with low noise. Some hydraulic motors are designed with noise reduction to effectively reduce noise levels.
3. Reliability: Choosing a hydraulic motor with high reliability can reduce the probability of failure and improve the operation stability of the equipment. You can refer to the manufacturer's product quality and reputation to evaluate the reliability of the hydraulic motor.
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