As an important actuator in the hydraulic system, the hydraulic motor has the function of converting the liquid pressure energy into mechanical energy (torque and speed). The following is a detailed introduction to the hydraulic motor:
First, Definition and Function
Hydraulic motors, also known as oil motors, are a key element in hydraulic systems. Its main function is to convert the liquid pressure energy provided by the hydraulic pump into the mechanical energy of the output shaft, and then drive the mechanical equipment or actuator to achieve rotary motion.
Second, Structure and composition
The hydraulic motor is mainly composed of the following parts:
Rotor: The core component of a hydraulic motor, made of cylindrical material with multiple wedge-shaped cogging inside, is the key to the conversion of hydraulic energy into mechanical energy.
Stator: The mating part of the rotor that is used to hold the position of the rotor and provide support for it. At the same time, it is also an important part of perfecting the hydraulic flow channel inside the rotor.
Distributor: An important power distribution component in a hydraulic motor, usually composed of three parts: rotor, stator and hydraulic cylinder. Its role is to distribute the output power of the hydraulic motor to the external working device.
Pressure Reducing Valve: Used to realize the automatic adjustment of the hydraulic system, ensuring that the flow and pressure of the oil at high pressure are controlled.
Return valve: control the flow of return oil, prevent oil backfilling, and protect the safety of hydraulic motors and other related devices.
Third, the working principle
The working principle of a hydraulic motor can be summarized as follows:
1. The pressure oil of the hydraulic system enters the hydraulic motor and flows into the cavity of the rotor along the cogging.
2. The pressure oil pushes the rotor and drives the rotor to rotate.
3. Due to the cogging structure of the hydraulic motor, the oil in the cavity is dispersed in different cogging, thus forming a rotating corrugation.
4. The corrugation outputs the mechanical energy to the external working device to complete the work of the hydraulic motor.
Fourth, the field of application
Hydraulic motors are widely used in various fields, including injection molding machinery, ships, hoists, construction machinery, construction machinery, coal mining machinery, mining machinery, metallurgical machinery, petrochemical industry, port machinery, etc.
Fifth, Advantages and disadvantages
Hydraulic motors have the following advantages:
1. Small size, light weight, simple structure and good manufacturability.
2. It is insensitive to oil pollution, impact resistance and inertia.
There are also some disadvantages to hydraulic motors:
1. The torque ripple is large and the efficiency is low.
2. The starting torque is small (only 60%-70% of the rated torque) and the stability at low speed is poor.
Sixth, Use and maintenance
In order to ensure the normal operation of the hydraulic motor and prolong its service life, the following points need to be noted:
1. Keep the hydraulic oil clean and proper viscosity.
2. Control the working oil temperature within the appropriate range (such as 10-50°C).
3. Regularly inspect and maintain the hydraulic motor to ensure the integrity and normal operation of its internal parts.
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