The hydraulic pump is a key power component in the hydraulic system, and its main function is to convert mechanical energy into hydraulic energy to provide power for the operation of the hydraulic system. The following is a detailed introduction about the hydraulic pump:
First , Definition and Function
The hydraulic pump is driven by the engine or electric motor, sucks the oil from the hydraulic oil tank, forms a pressure oil discharge, and sends it to the actuator. It is a hydraulic component that provides pressurized liquid in hydraulic transmission, converting the mechanical energy of power engines (such as electric motors and internal combustion engines) into the pressure energy of liquids, so as to drive the executive elements in the hydraulic system to work.
Second, Structure and classification
Hydraulic pumps are mainly divided into the following types according to their structure:
Gear pump: Suction and compression of liquid by means of two meshing gears. This kind of pump is small in size, simple in structure, has low requirements for the cleanliness of oil, and is relatively cheap; However, the pump shaft is subject to unbalanced force, serious wear and leakage.
Piston pump: The process of using the plunger to indent or extend in the pump body to achieve liquid suction and compression. It has the characteristics of compact structure, high output pressure and stable flow, and is suitable for high-pressure and high-flow hydraulic systems.
Vane Pump: Uses the volume change created between the rotor and the blades at the fixed end to suck and compress liquid. This kind of pump has uniform flow, smooth operation, low noise, higher working pressure and volumetric efficiency than gear pumps, and more complex structure than gear pumps.
Progressive cavity pumps: utilize the meshing gaps of the twin screws to suck and compress liquids. It has the characteristics of simple structure, high volumetric efficiency and low noise, and is suitable for hydraulic systems with low noise and high pressure.
Third, the working principle
The working principle of hydraulic pumps is based on physical and mechanical principles. It achieves the inhalation and discharge of liquids by changing the volume of the working chamber. When the volume of the working chamber increases, negative pressure is generated in the pump, and the liquid is sucked in; When the volume of the working chamber is reduced, positive pressure is generated in the pump and the liquid is discharged. Different types of hydraulic pumps are different in their working principles, but they all follow the above working process and working principle.
Fourth, the scope of application
Hydraulic pumps are widely used in various fields, including agriculture, construction, mining, aerospace, and ships, among others. In agricultural machinery, hydraulic pumps are often used for conveying, lifting, cutting, etc.; In construction machinery, hydraulic pumps are often used for lifting and conveying work of construction machinery such as cranes, concrete pump trucks, and brick machines; In mining machinery, hydraulic pumps are often used for conveying, lifting, and excavating; In the aerospace field, hydraulic pumps are often used for lifting, turning and braking of aircraft and spacecraft; In the field of ships, hydraulic pumps are often used for the lifting and turning of equipment such as steering gears, windlass and cranes in ships.
Fifth, Use and maintenance
When using a hydraulic pump, the following points should be noted:
1. When the hydraulic pump is started, it should be jogged several times, and then run under low pressure for a period of time to ensure that the oil flow direction and sound are normal before putting it into normal operation.
2. The viscosity of grease is affected by temperature and should be maintained within an appropriate temperature range (such as below 60 degrees).
3. The oil must be clean to avoid mixing with mechanical impurities and corrosive materials.
4. Avoid using the highest pressure and maximum speed of the hydraulic pump for a long time to prolong its service life.
5. Regularly inspect and maintain the hydraulic pump to ensure its normal operation and prolong its service life.
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What is a hydraulic pump