Hydraulic system is a system that uses oil as the working medium, drives the hydraulic actuator to work through the pressure energy of the oil and with the help of control valves and other components. The following is a detailed analysis of the hydraulic system:
First, Components
The hydraulic system is mainly composed of five parts:
1. Power element: It is usually a hydraulic pump, which is responsible for converting mechanical energy into liquid pressure energy to provide power for the system.
2. Hydraulic actuators: including hydraulic cylinders and hydraulic motors, which convert the pressure energy of the liquid into mechanical energy to realize the transmission of force and the control of movement.
3. Control elements: mainly various hydraulic valves, which are used to control the flow direction, pressure and flow of liquid, so as to realize the regulation and control of the hydraulic system.
4. Detection and auxiliary components: used to detect the status and parameters of the system, and provide necessary auxiliary functions, such as pressure sensors, thermometers, filters, etc.
5. Hydraulic fluid: As the working medium for transferring energy in the hydraulic system, the selection of hydraulic fluid is very important to the performance of the system. Commonly used hydraulic fluids include various mineral oils, emulsions, and synthetic hydraulic fluids.
Second, the working principle
The principle of operation of the hydraulic system is based on Pascal's law, which states that the pressure of the liquid in a closed container is equal everywhere. When a hydraulic pump pumps the oil into the system, the oil forms a certain pressure in the system. By controlling the opening, closing and adjustment of the valve, the flow direction, pressure and flow of the oil can be controlled, so as to realize the drive and control of the hydraulic actuator.
Third, the field of application
The hydraulic system has been widely used in various fields because of its advantages of smooth transmission, convenient operation and easy automatic control. Key application areas include:
1. General industrial hydraulic system: such as plastic processing machinery, pressure machinery, heavy machinery and machine tools.
2. Hydraulic systems for mobile machinery: such as construction machinery, lifting machinery, construction machinery, agricultural machinery and automobiles.
3. Hydraulic systems for the iron and steel industry: such as metallurgical machinery, lifting devices and roll adjustment devices.
4. Hydraulic systems for civil engineering: such as flood gates and embankment devices, riverbed lifting devices and bridge control mechanisms.
5. Hydraulic system for power plant: such as turbine speed regulating device, etc.
6. Hydraulic systems for special technology: such as giant antenna control devices, measuring buoys, aircraft landing gear retraction devices and rudder control devices.
Fourth, the development trend
With the continuous development of science and technology, the hydraulic system is also constantly improving and improving. Future trends are likely to include:
1. Energy saving and environmental protection: By optimizing the system design and using high-efficiency and energy-saving hydraulic pumps and hydraulic valves, the energy consumption of the system is reduced and the impact on the environment is reduced.
2. Intelligent: The use of advanced sensors, controllers and communication technology to realize the intelligent control and management of the hydraulic system, and improve the reliability and stability of the system.
3. Miniaturization: With the trend of miniaturization of mechanical equipment, the hydraulic system also needs to be miniaturized to adapt to a wider range of application scenarios.
4. High pressure: With the expansion of the application range of hydraulic system and the increase in demand, high-pressure hydraulic system will become one of the future development trends. High-pressure hydraulics can provide more power and efficiency for heavy-duty, high-frequency or high-precision applications.
5. Innovation of materials and sealing technology: through the use of new materials and sealing technology, the performance and reliability of the hydraulic system are improved, and the service life of the system is prolonged.
hydraulic control system
electro hydraulic systems